Tourmaline is distinct for having the biggest color range of any gemstone. They come in yellow, blue, green, and pink, and as a consequence are often mistaken for other gems such as emeralds or sapphires. However, tourmaline consists of silicate boron minerals that owe their color variety to elements such as copper, manganese, titanium and iron.

Characteristics

Although tourmaline is located in all the seven continents, it is most frequently mined in Africa and Brazil. Outstanding stones have also been unearthed in South Asia and North America. Experts describe tourmaline as being semi-precious even though there are varieties that are far rarer than diamonds and more costly.

One thing that makes this gem distinct from others is that multiple colors can appear in it simultaneously, which some enthusiasts call the rainbow effect. Tourmaline color will determine its value, with green Paraiba or neon blue fetching prices as high as five figures per carat, especially for exquisite cuts.

Tourmaline is also capable of changing color. This usually occurs when it is held at a certain angle. The scientific term is pleochroism and is the result of the gem’s crystalline structure which is enhanced further by slicing and cutting. When a stone is cut in a certain way, the effect is maximized, and is considered an art form which requires tremendous skill. It is also time consuming which is one of the reasons why these gems are so expensive.

How To Shop For Tourmaline

Before shopping for tourmaline it is important to remember that it comes in multiple varieties, which are Uvite, Dravite, Schorl, Liddicoatite and Elbaite. Uvite stones are rare and come in red/brown or green. Dravite is magnesium rich which gives it a brown, yellow or black color. It lacks brilliance and doesn’t reflect light that well, so isn’t used much in jewelry. Schorl is the variety most frequently found in mines. It is usually black in color but may display and brown or blue tint. Liddicoatite stones have a vibrant color range, including green, pink, brown, blue and even white. Elbaite is named in honor of Elba, the Mediterranean island, and comes in pink, red, green or blue.

How To Wear And Care For Tourmaline

Tourmaline has a rating of 7 on the Mohs Scale, which means it is a hard gem. It will not crack, break or chip easily, and as such is an outstanding gem for jewelry such as bracelets, rings, pendants and earrings. Jewelers frequently cut it into shapes such as rectangles, pears, octagons and ovals.

Despite its durability, tourmaline should not be exposed to rapid temperature changes or sudden sharp blows. Additionally, they should never be stored in close proximity to other gems due to the risk of scratching. The best way to care for tourmaline is to cleanse it using a mild detergent with water. The stone should be soaked from 10 to 20 minutes using warm water, and then rubbed gently with a brush that has soft bristles. Dry thoroughly before storing.